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    Policies and regulations
    Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises—Basic Standards

    2006Year2month15Order of the Ministry of Finance of Japan33No. announced, since2007Year1month1Effective from today.2014Year7month23According to the "Revision of the Ministry of Finance"<Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises—Basic Standards>’s decision》Modified)

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    Article 1 To standardize corporate accounting confirmation、Measurement and Reporting Behavior,Ensure the quality of accounting information,According to "Accounting Law of the People's Republic of China》Related to othersLawAdministrative regulations, develops this Code.

    Article 2 This Code applies toPeople's Republic of ChinaEstablished within the territory of ChinaEnterprise(Including the company, the same below).

    Article 3 Accounting Standards for Business EnterprisesIncludes basic and specific guidelines,The formulation of specific guidelines should follow these guidelines。

    Article 4 Enterprises shall prepareFinancial Accounting Report(also known as financial report,The same below)。The goal of financial accounting reports is to provide users of financial accounting reports with information about the financial status of the enterprise、Accounting information related to operating results and cash flow,Reflects the performance of corporate management’s fiduciary responsibilities,Help users of financial accounting reports make economic decisions。

    Users of financial accounting reports include investors,creditor, the government and its relevant departments and the public, etc.

    Article 5 An enterprise shall make accounting confirmations for its own transactions or events、Measurement and Reporting。

    Article 6 Enterprise Accounting Confirmation、Measurement and reporting should be based on going concern。

    Article 7 An enterprise shall divide accounting periods,Settling accounts in installments and preparing financial accounting reports。

    The accounting period is divided into annual and interim periods。Interim refers to a reporting period shorter than a full fiscal year。

    Article 8 Enterprise accounting shall be measured in currency.

    Article 9 Enterprises shall make accounting confirmations on the accrual basis、Measurement and Reporting。

    Article 10: Enterprises shall determine accounting elements based on the economic characteristics of transactions or events。Accounting elements include assets、Liabilities、Owner’s Equity、Income、Expenses and profits。

    Article 11 Enterprises shall use the debit and credit accounting method for accounting.[1-2]

    Chapter 2 Accounting Information Quality Requirements

    Article 12 Enterprises shall make accounting confirmations based on actual transactions or events、Measurement and Reporting,Truthfully reflect various accounting elements and other relevant information that meet the recognition and measurement requirements,Guarantee the authenticity and reliability of accounting information、Complete content。

    Article 13 The accounting information provided by the enterprise shall be relevant to the economic decision-making needs of users of financial m88 live casino and sports m88 online sports bettingbettingaccounting reports,Helps users of financial accounting reports to understand the company's past、Evaluate or predict current or future situations。

    Article 14 The accounting information provided by the enterprise should be clear,Easy for users of financial accounting reports to understand and use。

    Article 15 The accounting information provided by the enterprise should be comparable。

    The same or similar transactions or events that occurred in the same enterprise in different periods,Consistent accounting policies should be adopted,No changes allowed。really needs to be changed,should be stated in the note。

    The same or similar transactions or events occurring in different companies,Should adopt prescribed accounting policies,Ensure consistent accounting information、Comparable to each other。

    Article 16 Enterprises shall make accounting confirmations based on the economic substance of transactions or events、Measurement and Reporting,Should not be based solely on the legal form of the transaction or matter。

    Article 17 The accounting information provided by the enterprise shall reflect the financial status of the enterprise、All important transactions or events related to operating results and cash flow。

    Article 18 Enterprises shall conduct accounting confirmation on transactions or events、Measurement and reporting should be done with due caution,Don’t overestimate assets or income、Underestimating liabilities or expenses。

    Article 19: Enterprise’s responsibility for transactions or events that have occurred,Accounting confirmation should be made in a timely manner、Measurement and Reporting,No advance or postponement。[1-2]

    Chapter 3 Assets

    Article 20 AssetRefers to the past transactions or events of the enterprise、Owned or controlled by the enterprise、Resources expected to bring economic benefits to the enterprise。

    The past transactions or matters of the enterprise referred to in the preceding paragraph include purchases、Production、Construction or other transactions or matters。Transactions or events expected to occur in the future do not form assets。

    Owned or controlled by the enterprise,refers to the ownership of a resource by an enterprise,Or although you do not have ownership of a resource,But this resource can be controlled by the enterprise。

    Expected to bring economic benefits to the enterprise,Refers to the potential to directly or indirectly lead to the inflow of cash and cash equivalents into the enterprise。

    Article 21 Resources that meet the definition of assets specified in Article 20 of these Guidelines,When the following conditions are met at the same time,Confirmed as an asset:

    (1) The economic benefits related to the resource are likely to flow into the enterprise;

    (2) The cost or value of the resource can be measured reliably。

    Article 22 Projects that meet the definition of assets and asset recognition conditions,Should be included in the balance sheet; meets the definition of assets、Projects that do not meet the asset recognition conditions,Should not be included in the balance sheet。[1-2]

    Chapter 4 Liabilities

    Article 23 LiabilitiesRefers to the past transactions or events of the enterprise、Present obligations that are expected to result in an m88 slot machine casinooutflow of economic benefits。

    Current obligations refer to the obligations that the enterprise has undertaken under current conditions。Obligations resulting from future transactions or events,Not a current obligation,Should not be recognized as a liability。

    Article 24 Obligations that comply with the definition of liabilities stipulated in Article 23 of these Standards,When the following conditions are met at the same time,Recognized as a liability:

    (1) The economic benefits m88 slot machine casinorelated to the obligation are likely to flow out of the enterprise;

    (2) The amount of future m88 slot machine casinooutflow of economic benefits can be measured reliably。

    Article 25 Projects that meet the definition of liabilities and liability recognition conditions,Should be included in the balance sheet; meets the definition of liability、But items that do not meet the conditions for liability recognition,Should not be included in the balance sheet。[1-2]

    Chapter 5 Owner’s Rights

    Article 26 Owner’s Equityrefers to the remaining equity enjoyed by the owner after deducting liabilities from the assets of the enterprise。

    The company’s owner’s equity is also called shareholders’ equity.

    Article 27 The source of owner’s equity includes the capital invested by the owner、Gains and losses recognized directly in owners’ equity、Retained earnings, etc.。

    Gains and losses recognized directly in owners’ equity,means that it should not be included in the current profit and loss、Things that will lead to increases or decreases in owners’ equity、Gains or losses not related to the capital invested by the owner or the distribution of profits to the owner。

    Profit refers to the non-routine activities formed by the enterprise、will lead to an increase in owner’s equity、Inflow of economic benefits unrelated to the capital invested by the owner。

    Loss refers to the loss caused by the non-routine activities of the enterprise、will cause the owner’s equity to decrease、m88 slot machine casinooutflow of economic benefits not related to the distribution of profits to owners。

    Article 28 The amount of owners’ equity depends on the measurement of assets and liabilities。

    Article 29 Owner’s equity items shall be included in the balance sheet。[1-2]

    Chapter 6 Income

    Article 30 Incomerefers to the information formed in the daily activities of the enterprise、will lead to an increase in owner’s equity、The total inflow of economic benefits unrelated to the capital invested by the owner。

    Article 31 Income can only be generated when economic benefits are likely to flow in, resulting in an increase in corporate assets or a decrease in liabilities、And the inflow of economic benefits can be recognized only when it can be measured reliably。

    Article 32 Projects that meet the definition of revenue and revenue recognition conditions,Should be included in the income statement。[1-2]

    Chapter 7 Fees

    Article 33 Feerefers to what happens in the daily activities of the enterprise、will cause the owner’s equity to decrease、The total m88 slot machine casinooutflow of economic benefits not related to the distribution of profits to owners。

    Article 34 Expenses are only allowed when economic benefits are likely to flow out, resulting in a decrease in corporate assets or an increase in liabilities、And the m88 slot machine casinooutflow of economic benefits can be recognized only when it can be measured reliably。

    Article 35 Enterprises produce products、Attributable product costs incurred in providing labor services、Expenses for labor costs, etc.,Product sales revenue should be recognized、When labor income is equal,Products will be sold、The cost of labor services provided shall be included in the current profit and loss。

    Expenditures incurred by the enterprise do not generate economic benefits,Or even if it can generate economic benefits, it does not meet or no longer meets the conditions for asset recognition,Should be recognized as an expense when incurred,Included into current profit and loss。

    Transactions or events that occur to an enterprise cause it to assume a liability but are not recognized as an asset,Should be recognized as an expense when incurred,Included into current profit and loss。

    Article 36 Projects that meet the conditions for fee definition and fee confirmation,Should be included in the income statement。[1-2]

    Chapter 8 Profit

    Article 37 Profitrefers to the operating results m88 best betting websiteof m88 online bettingan enterprise during a certain accounting period。Profit includes revenue minus expenses、Profits and losses directly included in the current profit。

    Article 38 Gains and losses directly included in current profits,means it should be included in the current profit and loss、Things that will lead to increases or decreases in owners’ equity、Gains or losses not related to the capital invested by the owner or the distribution of profits to the owner。

    Article 39 The amount of profit depends on income and expenses、Measurement of gains and losses directly included in current profits。

    Article 40 Profit items shall be included in the income statement.[1-2]

    Chapter 9 Accounting Measurement

    Article 41 The enterprise shall register the accounting elements that meet the recognition conditions and present them in the accounting statements and their notes (also known as financial statements,The same below),Should be measured in accordance with the prescribed accounting measurement attributes,Determine its amount。

    Article 42 Accounting measurement attributes mainly include:

    (1) Historical cost。Under historical cost measurement,Assets are based on the amount of cash or cash equivalents paid at the time of acquisition,Or measured according to the fair value of the consideration paid when acquiring the asset。Liabilities are based on the amount of money or assets actually received for assuming current obligations,Or the contract amount for current obligations,Or measured according to the amount of cash or cash equivalents expected to be paid to repay liabilities in daily activities。

    (2) Replacement cost。Under replacement cost measurement,Assets are measured based on the amount of cash or cash equivalents currently required to purchase the same or similar assets。Liabilities are measured based on the amount of cash or cash equivalents currently required to repay the debt。

    (3) Net realizable value。Under net realizable value measurement,The amount of cash or cash equivalents that can be received from normal external sales of an asset is deducted from the estimated cost that will be incurred when the asset is completed、Estimated sales expenses and the amount after related taxes and fees。

    (4) Present value。Under present value measurement,Assets are measured at the discounted amount of future net cash inflows expected to be generated from their continued use and eventual disposal。Liabilities are measured based on the discounted amount of future net cash outflows that need to be repaid within the expected period。

    (5) Fair value。Under fair value measurement,Assets and liabilities are classified in orderly transactions between market participants on the measurement date,Measurement of the price that can be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability。

    Article 43 When an enterprise measures accounting elements,Historical cost should generally be used,Adopt replacement cost、Net realizable value、Present value、Fair value measurement,It should be ensured that the determined amounts of accounting elements can be obtained and measured reliably。[1-2]

    Chapter 10 Financial Accounting Report

    Article 44 Financial accounting reports refer to the financial status provided by an enterprise on a specific date and the operating results of a certain accounting period、Files of accounting information such as cash flow。

    Financial accounting reports include accounting statements and their notes and other relevant information and materials that should be disclosed in financial accounting reports。Accounting statements should at least m88 best betting websiteinclude a balance sheet、Income m88 live casino and sports bettingstatement、Cash flow statement and other reports。

    The accounting statements prepared by small businesses do not need to include a cash flow statement。

    Article 45 The balance sheet refers to the accounting statement that reflects the financial status of an enterprise on a specific date。

    Article 46 The income statement refers to the accounting statement that reflects the operating results of the enterprise during a certain accounting period。

    Article 47 The cash flow statement refers to the accounting statement that reflects the inflow and outflow of cash and cash equivalents m88 best betting websiteof m88 online bettingan enterprise during a certain accounting period。

    Article 48 Notes refer to further explanations of the items listed in the accounting statements,and an explanation of the failure to list items in these reports, etc.。[1-2]

    Chapter 11 Supplementary Provisions

    Article 49 The Ministry of Finance is responsible for the interpretation of these standards.

    Article 50 This Code starts from2007Year1month1Effective from today.[1-2]

     

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